Find the minimum window substring in the source text that contains all characters from the target string. Return the shortest substring that includes every character from the target at least once. Return an empty string when no such window exists or when inputs are invalid.

Examples:

String window = findMinimumWindow('ADOBECODEBANC', 'ABC');
// Results: 'BANC'

String none = findMinimumWindow('a', 'aa');
// Results: ''

Hints:

  • Use a sliding window approach with two pointers
  • Track character frequencies in both the target and current window
  • Expand the window until all target characters are included
  • Contract the window while maintaining all required characters
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